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11 July 2025 / Neil Parpworth
Issue: 8124 / Categories: Features , Public , Human rights
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Private act, public function?

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Neil Parpworth considers whether electing a new party leader is a public law function for the purposes of the Human Rights Act 1998?
  • In Tortoise Media Ltd, the Court of Appeal ruled that electing a party leader—even one who becomes prime minister—is a private act, not a public function under the Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA 1998), despite its significant public consequences.
  • The Conservative Party was not deemed a ‘public authority’ under s 6 of HRA 1998, so it had no legal obligation to disclose internal leadership election data, even when challenged under Art 10 of the ECHR. But judicial review is still possible.

Section 6(1) of the Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA 1998) lies at the heart of human rights protection in English law by making it ‘unlawful for a public authority to act in a way which is incompatible with a Convention right’. This begs the question: what is a ‘public authority’ for the purposes of HRA 1998? The answer, however, is less straightforward than in some other

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MOVERS & SHAKERS

Hugh James—Jonathan Askin

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NEWS
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Children can claim for ‘lost years’ damages in personal injury cases, the Supreme Court has held in a landmark judgment
The cab-rank rule remains a bulwark of the rule of law, yet lawyers are increasingly judged by their clients’ causes. Writing in NLJ this week, Ian McDougall, president of the LexisNexis Rule of Law Foundation, warns that conflating representation with endorsement is a ‘clear and present danger’
Holiday lets may promise easy returns, but restrictive covenants can swiftly scupper plans. Writing in NLJ this week, Andrew Francis of Serle Court recounts how covenants limiting use to a ‘private dwelling house’ or ‘private residence’ have repeatedly defeated short-term letting schemes
Artificial intelligence (AI) is already embedded in the civil courts, but regulation lags behind practice. Writing in NLJ this week, Ben Roe of Baker McKenzie charts a landscape where AI assists with transcription, case management and document handling, yet raises acute concerns over evidence, advocacy and even judgment-writing
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