Natural justice

Applying established principles, the test for whether there would be apparent bias on the part of a court or tribunal was whether the fair-minded and informed observer, having considered the relevant facts, would conclude that there was a real possibility that the court or tribunal was biased. The test was satisfied if the informed and fair-minded observer would see a real possibility of bias. While fanciful or tenuous objections had to be disregarded, the threshold was not an especially high one.